The MATERNAL SCREEN-1ST TRIMESTER DUAL test is a prenatal screening test conducted during the first trimester of pregnancy. It assesses the risk of specific chromosomal abnormalities, particularly Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), in the developing fetus.

The MATERNAL SCREEN-1ST TRIMESTER DUAL test, also known as the Dual Marker Screening test, is a prenatal screening test conducted during the first trimester of pregnancy. It assesses the risk of specific chromosomal abnormalities, particularly Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), in the developing fetus. This test typically includes the following components:

Nuchal Translucency Ultrasound: An ultrasound examination is performed to measure the thickness of the fluid-filled space at the back of the developing fetus's neck, known as nuchal translucency. Abnormal thickness can indicate an increased risk of certain chromosomal abnormalities.

Blood Tests: Two blood tests are conducted:

a. PAPP-A (Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A): This blood test measures the levels of PAPP-A in the maternal blood. Abnormal levels can be associated with an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities.

b. Free Beta-hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin): This blood test measures the levels of free beta-hCG in the maternal blood. Abnormal levels can also be associated with an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities, particularly Down syndrome.

The results of these components, along with factors such as maternal age and gestational age, are combined to provide a risk assessment for chromosomal abnormalities, especially Down syndrome. It's important to note that the MATERNAL SCREEN-1ST TRIMESTER DUAL test is a screening test, not a diagnostic test. Abnormal results suggest an increased risk, but further diagnostic tests, such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS), may be recommended for a definitive diagnosis if the results are concerning.